Al Furqan: 45-46
Simply Magnetic compass many yielding mistake which caused by variation and deviation, result of it less trustworthy, hence me is more inclines tries other way.
Pays attention to globe scheme hereunder
The order is as follows:
- Makkah/ Kaaba stays precise in the middle circle posed at by intersection of vertical blue line and horizontal. With position of like this hence earth co-ordinate line shifts downwards and curved. Vertical blue line is Meridian, to indicate high noon at the time of Sun gets through this line.
- Angle Of The sun to earth ( declination) every day changes, shown by line of Ecliptic to ruddle accompanied by guidance date of its. Change 1 degree every DAY.
- Initial concept of determining 12 o'clock is when Sun across in Greenwich meridian. Reachs Mekkah about 09:21 GMT or 12:21 Makkah Time. But practically earth in orbitting it is encircling the speed the sun current assetiva, so that watch is not always shows 12:21 o'clock when high noon. Sometime still 12:10 or instead 12:35! This because watch is tuned based on earth average speed to encircle the sun in one year. Difference between this mean time with time which actually in names Equation of Time. The value shown by graph Equation of Time.
For example date of November 10th, graph indicates that high noon in Mekkah happened at 12:05 Time Mekkah.
- Longitudinal co-ordinate in degree. If converted to form hour follow formula 1 degree = 4 minute.
Let us starts, for example date of 2 April, position of you are in Jakarta (co-ordinate 106°51'E, 6°9'S), as follows:
1. Draws straight line from jakarta towards center of circle/ Kaaba (names line Q). Remakes line Q for circle beside, also cuts center of a circle.
2. Determines Declination and high noon of Sun (based on Equation of Time) date of 2 April. It is known like this; declination 5°N and High noon is 12:24 Makkah Time. Trajectory create according to the declination and latitude path (names with line S). If between lines Q with later proportioned, hence that day we can determine Qibla direction.
3. Simply proportioned in two points (names X and Y). If The sun pass by quickly in point of this its shadow will show Qibla direction (toward/ away) but special in line area Q only!
- First point (X) stays 84°E, east of Mekkah. What time is it?
To know it Calculate the difference longitude with Makkah as follows:
= 84° - 39,83°
= 44,17° = 177 minutes = 02:57
= 2 hours 57 minutes before high noon in Makkah (12:24)
2 hours 57 minutes before 12:24 is 09:27 o'clock (morning in Makkah).
In Jakarta (WIB) = Makkah Time + 4 hour
= 09:27 + 4 hour
= 13:27 WIB
So shadow would precisely ‘avoids' Qibla at 13:27 WIB.
As direction is the sun.
- In the same way calculate also for point of second intersection (Y);
Point Of Y resides in longitude 76°W. The difference with longitude of Makkah;
= 76° + 39,83°
= 115,83° = 463,32 minutes, = 07:43,
7 hours 43 minutes after 12:24 was 20:07 o'clock Makkah Time.
In Jakarta (WIB) = Makkah Time + 4 hour
= 20:07 + 4 hour
= 23:23 midnight WIB (enters 3 April).
In the Midnight, the sun have been sinking.
If trajectory Kiblat (Q) and the sun path not proportioned meaned that day of course the sun shadow have never shown Qibla direction, for example December in Brunei Darussalam. But in certain place on certain time, the sun/ shadow can show qibla direction twice a day!
accuration of This calculation have been checked uses computer software Accurate Times 5.1.1.2*, with few minutes difference only. Because situation Jakarta (or Indonesia) in eastside of Makkah, difference a few able to be forgiven. Differs from situation in north/ south of Makkah, difference 4 minute causes deviation as far as 1 degree = 60 nautical miles = 111,12 Km! with more carefully Calculation the result more accurate, of course.
If scheme here unable to explain you can contact me via e-mail nafanakhun@gmailcom, to get high resolution version scheme.
Hopefully useful!
Genghis Khun
* Accurate Times is one of computer software recommended by Pusat Studi Falak Muhammadiyah. (http://www.ilmufalak.org/).
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